| 
					Ingredient
				 | 
					Substitution
				 | 
| 
					Allspice (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. cinnamon + 1/4 tsp. nutmeg + 1/4 tsp. ground clove
				 | 
| 
					Baking Powder (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/4 tsp. baking soda + 1/2 tsp. cream of tartar
				 | 
| 
					Baking Soda (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					2 tsp double-acting baking powder + replace acidic liquid ingredient in recipe with non-acidic liquid
				 | 
| 
					Balsamic Vinegar
				 | 
					Equal amount of sherry or cidar vinegar
				 | 
| 
					Bread Crumbs (1 cup)
				 | 
					3/4 cup cracker crumbs
				 | 
| 
					Brown Sugar (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 Tbsp. light molasses + enough sugar to fill 1 dry measure cup or 1 cup raw sugar
				 | 
| 
					Butter, salted (1 cup
				 
					or 2 sticks)
				 | 
					1 cup or 2 sticks unsalted butter + 1/4 tsp. salt or 1 cup margarine or 7/8 cup lard or vegetable shortening
				 | 
| 
					Buttermilk (1 cup)
				 | 
					Place 1 Tbsp. white vinegar or lemon juice in a liquid measure. Fill to 1 cup with room temp whole or 2% milk and let stand for 5 minutes or 1 cup milk + 3/4 tsp. cream of tartar or 1 cup plain yogurt
				 | 
| 
					Canola, Sunflower and Vegetable Oils
				 | 
					Substitute one for one
				 | 
| 
					Chocolate, Bittersweet or Semi-Sweet (1 oz.)
				 | 
					1/2 oz. Unsweetened chocolate + 1 Tbsp. granulated sugar
				 | 
| 
					Cocoa Powder (3 Tbsp. Dutch-processed)
				 | 
					1 oz. Unsweetened chocolate + 1/8 tsp. baking soda + reduce fat in recipe by 1 Tbsp. or 3 Tbsp. natural cocoa powder + 1/8 tsp. baking soda
				 | 
| 
					Corn Starch
				 
					(as a thickener)
				 | 
					Equal amounts of Minute Tapioca for cornstarch, use slightly less for flour
				 | 
| 
					Cream of Tartar (1/2 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. white vinegar or lemon juice
				 | 
| 
					Egg (1 whole large egg)
				 | 
					3-1/2 Tbsp. thawed frozen egg or egg substitute or 2 egg whites
				 | 
| 
					Garlic (1 fresh clove)
				 | 
					1 tsp. Garlic Salt or 1/8 tsp. Garlic Powder or 1/4 tsp. dried minced garlic
				 | 
| 
					Gingerroot (1 Tbsp. minced)
				 | 
					1/8 tsp. ground ginger powder or 1 Tbsp. rinsed and chopped candied ginger
				 | 
| 
					Half & Half (1 cup)
				 
					for cooking or baking
				 | 
					1-1/2 Tbsp. butter or margarine + enough milk to equal 1 cup
				 | 
| 
					Heavy Cream (1 cup)
				 
					for cooking or baking
				 | 
					3/4 cup milk + 1/3 cup butter or margarine
				 | 
| 
					Herbs, Fresh (1 Tbsp.)
				 | 
					1 tsp. dried herbs
				 | 
| 
					Honey (1 cup)
				 
					for cooking or baking
				 | 
					1 1/4 cups granulated sugar + 1/4 cup of liquid appropriate for recipe
				 | 
| 
					Italian Seasoning (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. dried basil + 1/4 tsp. dried oregano + 1/4 tsp. dried thyme
				 | 
| 
					Molasses (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 cup honey or 1 cup dark corn syrup or 3/4 cup light or dark brown sugar dissolved in 1/4 cup liquid
				 | 
| 
					Mushrooms, fresh
				 
					(1 cup sliced and cooked)
				 | 
					1 can (4 oz.) mushrooms, drained
				 | 
| 
					Mustard, Prepared
				 
					(1 Tbsp.)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. dry mustard powder + 2 tsp. white vinegar
				 | 
| 
					Onion (1 small minced)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. onion powder
				 | 
| 
					Poultry Seasoning (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/4 tsp. ground thyme + 3/4 tsp. ground sage
				 | 
| 
					Pumpkin Pie Spice (1 tsp.)
				 | 
					1/2 tsp. ground cinnamon + 1/4 tsp. ground ginger + 1/8 tsp. allspice + 1/8 tsp. nutmeg
				 | 
| 
					Sour Cream (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 cup plain yogurt or 1 Tbsp. lemon juice and enough evaporated milk to equal 1 cup
				 | 
| 
					Tomato Juice (1 cup)
				 
					for cooking
				 | 
					1/2 cup tomato sauce + 1/2 cup water
				 | 
| 
					Tomato Sauce (1 cup)
				 
					for cooking
				 | 
					1/2 cup tomato paste + 1/2 cup water
				 | 
| 
					Wine, Red (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 cup nonalcoholic wine, apple cider, beef broth or water
				 | 
| 
					Wine, White (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 cup nonalcoholic wine, white grape juice, apple juice, chicken broth or water
				 | 
| 
					Yogurt (1 cup)
				 | 
					1 cup buttermilk or 1 Tbsp. lemon juice and enough milk to equal 1 cup or 1 cup sour cream
				 |